Equity Analyst Project – Individual

Equity Analyst Project – Individual Scott Hatten MBA 737-F1WW (W13) Professor Lauren Thomas March 2, 2013 This paper will assess my ability to maximize my personal return on investment with an allocation of $1,000,000. The overall goal of this exercise is to obtain the highest return possible within the next 12 months. I am limited to the following asset classes for allocation of all investments: * U. S. Equities * U. S. Treasury Bonds * Cash This paper will be my prospectus on the justification of the allocation and potential earnings in each class. U. S. Equities| U. S. 30-Year Treasury Bonds| Cash| Proposed Allocation| 70%| 25%| 5%| $ Amount| $700,000| $250,000| $50,000| Forecast +/- (12 Months)| 13%| 3. 0%| 0%| ROI| $791,000| $257,500| $50,000| Estimated (ROI) for $1,000,000 as of December 31, 2013 = $1,098,500. 00 U. S. Equities As the United States economy continues to grow in areas but struggle in others, the decision to place the largest allocation of funds into this c ategory is made without hesitation. 013 is the 1st year after a presidential election and the second term for our current president. Typically in situations like this there is less hype about a new leader in office and more emphasize placed on making strategic decisions and outcomes. Even though were are currently looking at the possibility of thousands of government based worked to be subjected to mandatory pay reductions through a sequester plan, the United States business machines is moving at a strong pace.Since 2008 business and industry leaders have worked to understand the changing dynamics of both the US and International economic challenges and have positioned their organizations to adapt more quickly to those conditions (Investors, 2013). As consumer spending and consumer confidence continue to increase, U. S. Equities should continue on steady growth plan which is indicated in the strong S&P Indices (currently at 1518. 20), NASDAQ (currently at 3169. 74), and the DOW (cur rently at 14089. 66).These indicators provide direct indication that investor and business confidence levels are extremely high and favorable for positive returns. U. S. 30 Year Treasury Bonds Although this investment class can be considered the most conservative of the three, the low yield of government bonds in the past 10 years does not lend a comparative metric against many other investment opportunities (Jacobs, 2012). The fixed rate of these instruments allows for a guaranteed return, but should only be utilized at a point in an investing cycle when risk is higher than potential income growth.The 25% allocation that is invested in this class is positioned to provide a long term guaranteed investment, with the possible that these lower rates will not rise significantly in the next few years. Cash The lowest of investment allocation classes is cash. The cost to leave any instrument in this category is expensive and provides very little ROI. The funds kept in this allocation are specific for future investment opportunities where transition of funds from other classes could have a significant impact or cost to the overall 12 month plan (Mangla, 2012).Summary Looking back over the past ten years and most especially the past three years for investment returns and economic possibilities, there seems to be more growth in the past 24 months than what we have seen in over a decade. The rapidly changing international economic climate and the current government struggles with tax based polices and the continued climbing US deficit will make 2103 a year where investors must maintain a long term focus while being selective in short term growth opportunities.References Jacobs, D. L. (2012). Are Bonds The Next Facebook–Negatively Speaking?. Forbes. Com, 6. Investor's Business, D. (2013, February 19). U. S. asset demand picks up. Investor’s Business Daily. p. A02. Mangla, I. (2012). Yes, You Can Dump Your Bank. Money, 27-28. Ross, S. , Westerfield, R. , Jaf fe, J. , and Jordan, B. (2011-). Corporate finance: Core principles ; applications. (3rd ed. ).

Peer Evaluation Example Essay

The first speech I am going to evaluate is Jane Doe’s speech about why music is good for people and the positives effect of it. Jane started out very well by giving a personal example of using music in her own life which got the audience’s attention. I liked it when she started off with a story and example because it helped me understand what she was trying to say to the class. She then introduced her topic and stated her reasons of why everybody should have an iPod and listen to music. This was a good strategy because it was well organized and simple which helped her keep the audience’s focus. Being too complicated would have caused the class to lose sight of her argument. I enjoyed the outline of her speech because it was simple and straight to the point. Although her outline was well thought out, the way she presented her argument could have used a little work. Jane wrote out a paper to explain her arguments so that she would not miss anything important that she wanted to say. This is a good way to be organized; however, she kept her head down most of the time and read off her paper word-by-word. This affected her voice which made her sound ‘monotone’. Also, an important thing about giving speeches and attracting the audience’s attention is to looking at the audience, making contact with them like you are speaking directly to them. I did not feel as if she had any contact with anyone since she was reading from her paper. I think if she would have had more eye contact, the audience would have been more interested and accepted her arguments. Another thing that affected her speech presentation was that she was very quiet and it was difficult to hear her. It did not seem like she was very passionate about her topic because she stayed at one level with her tone and her dynamics throughout the speech did not seem to change. In other words, she could have used more vocal variety and projection. Overall I think Jane picked a great topic that everybody could relate to and she used great points to explain her stance. However, I think if she would have been more excited about her topic and had contact with the audience, the speech would have been even better.

Executing Strategies in a Global Environment Essay

Abstract This paper will analyze Federal Express’s value creation frontier, and determine which of the four building blocks of competitive advantage the company needs in order to continue their above average profitability. It will also explore the main aspect of product differentiations and capacity control of the company to maintain an edge on their rivals. Furthermore, for this assignment I will attempt examine the efficiency of FedEx’s current business model and recommend a new business level strategy that will give Federal Express a competitive advantage over it rivals. In addition, this paper will also examine the manner in which overall, global competition may influence my recommended business strategy and I will suggest a significant way that Federal Express can confront its global competition. Introduction Federal Express began operating in 1973, under the leadership of Fred Smith Jr. Before Federal Express, a major portion for small packaging airfreight flew on commercial passenger flights. Fred Smith believed that these two services should be treated differently, because the commercial passenger and cargo shipper had different needs. The commercial passenger they wanted the convenience of daytime flights. As for the cargo shippers, they preferred night services, which would afford them late afternoon pickups and next day delivery (Hill,2013). Since small-package airfreight only went out based on the commercial flight scheduling, it was hard for cargo shippers to achieve next day delivery. To remedy the shipping issue cargo shippers had Smith aimed to build a system that could achieve next day delivery of small package airfreight (Hill,2013). Today Federal Express has grown from a express delivery company to a global logistic and supply chain management company (Crane, et al., 2003). Over the years Federal Express was able to grow through acquistions and large investmenst in information technoloy. The company was also able to stand out from the rest best on their business model operate independently, compete collectively. Smith segmented his compnay into 6 different  component – FedEx Express, FedEx Ground, FedEx Freight, and FedEx Services, which allowed each component to focus on their own maket segment. By segmenting of each component it provided Federal express the oppurtunity to focus more on customer. Even though Federal Express 6 different components operated seperatley the competed together under FedEx Corporation. Federal Express’s Value Creation Frontier and Their Four Building Blocks of Competitive Advantage Federal Express profitability depends on three factors: The value a customer places on t heir services, the price Federal Express charges for their services, and the cost Federal Express has to incur to produce the services they provide (Hll & Jones, 2013). The more favorable these factors are the more value is bestowed on Federal Express’s product. To accurately value, a company’s product management must distinguish the difference between utility and price (Hill & Jones, 2013). Utility is the customer’s satisfaction or happiness with using or owning a company’s product or services. Federal Express has stepped up to the plate by making shipping easier and convenient for their customer. Today we can find drop off boxes in front of office buildings and small neighborhood shipping stores. Having drop off boxes offers the customer anytime drop offs and no waiting time. Federal Express has also invested heavily in innovation to add to the customer’s experience (Crane, et al., 2003). The option of wireless technology and the ability to track deliveries and schedule picks on the company’s website provides the customer shipping right at their fingertips. For their global customer Federal Express can offer shipping option to more than two hundred companies. The prices Federal Express set for their services are higher than many of their competitors. Federal Express pricing is considered a premium, which reflects the high quality level of service FedEx provides (Crane, et al., 2003). Based on FedEx stance, their premium pricing is worth it, but they fail to realize their very price sensitive customer who may go with a more cheaper option for certain services (UPS). In this case it make it difficult for Fedex to standout based on branding and the amenties they offer. They may have to think of a different way to differeinate themselves from the competitior. Since Federal Express’s growth and customer, satisfaction comes with a high price tag. Their return on invested capital (ROIC) is very low compared to its biggest competitor UPS. In 2011, FedEx ROIC was 7.41% and UPS was 19.39%  (Hill, 2013). Some say in time the money FedEx spent to build up their company, technology infrastructure, and customer satisfaction may soon pay off. The other positive side is that FedEx spending and acquisition expenses have made it hard for new companies to enter and compete in the packaging industry Along with value creation, a company must excel in the four building block of competitive advantage – efficiency, quality, innovation, and customer responsiveness. How well a company performs in these four areas will determine their profitability and competitive advantage over the competitor. These four generic building blocks are a product of a company’s distinctive competencies, which will allow a company to differentiate its product and lower its cost structure (Hill & Jones, 2013). In turn, sustain a competitive advantage and better profitability outcomes over their competitor. When determining a company’s efficiency we can look at what it takes (inputs) to produce a product or services (outputs). According to Hill and Jones, the more efficient a company is the fewer inputs it required to produce a particular output. The most common way to measure a company’s efficiency is through employee productivity – the out pout produced per employee (Hill & Jones, 2013). When examining FedEx efficiency they were the first packaging company to invest in technology that enabled their employees to access company information wireless 24 hours a day. This wireless feature also allows the employee to collect packaging data, which allows employees to quickly enter packages into the company’s package tracking system, which reduces the possibility of error (Crane, et al., 2003). As for FedEx service, they can be review by its features, performance, durability, reliability, style, and design (Hill & Jones, 2013). These features are used by customers to determine the quality level of the services that are offered by FedEx. Based on FedEx’s history, spending to build its infrastructure, and premium pricing FedEx is committed to providing a service of high quality standings. FedEx has also invested heavily in new technologies, which will improve their services, make it more reliable, and valuable to its customers (Amsler, Cullen, & Erdmenger, 2010). An example that show FedEx is all about quality is their technology efforts such as tracking deliveries on their website, and offering convenient shipping at the customer’s fingertips. As mentioned before FedEx is all about innovation. They are into creating new services  and processes to make shipping easy and convenient for their customers. One of their major investments is the joint venture with University of Memphis. University of Memphis and FedEx have joined and formed the FedEx Institute of Technology. This investment will ensure that FedEx will not be let in dark when it comes to new technology (Crane, et al., 2003). When it comes to customer satisfaction FedEx tries to identify their customer needs. FedEx heard the customers demanded for a more convenient way of shipping. FedEx has extended drop off times by three hours, offer drop off boxes, and the ability for customer to schedule pickups on FedEx’s website. The only dissatisfaction is the premium pricing set on their services. FedEx fail to adhere to the demands of their cost sensitive customers. These are the customers who only care about inexpensive delivery services. This group of people may use FedEx as a last resort for their shipping needs. Product Differentiation The idea behind product differentiation is creating a product that satisfies the customers’ needs (Hill & Jones, 2013). In order for a company to obtain a competitive advantage they must offer a product that better satistfies the customer’s need than its rival. When a company creates a stratergy that involves innovation, execellence, quality, and customer responsiveness they are offering custumers differentiation product. When the a company’s stratergy is about finding ways to increase efficiency and reliablity to reduce cost they are offering the customer low priced product (Hill & Jones,2013). In the case of Federal Express their stratergy is not about offering a low priced product, but offering a product that is innovative, meets a high standard of execellence, high quality, and basing the product on the customer’s need. Federal Express understood the importance of differentiation. Since their strategy is not based on offering a low costing product Federal Express had to focus on information technology. Today customers are interested in monitoring their shipments, estimating arrival times, price and cost of shipments. These elements are important to most businesses and consumers as well as the safety of their delivery (Crane, et al., 2003). To satisfy the needs of their customers and to stand out from their competitor FedEx has  invested heavily in the technology infrastructure, which provides options for customers to track and validate shipments at their personal computer. Federal Express works hard to create a high quality level of service that is difficult for their rival to match (Crane, et al., 2003). Over the years, FedEx has been known as an innovator in the shipping sector, and providing a high level of quality services. Due to FedEx’s higher prices the level of service they provide may become unnoticed. To differentiate their standard of quality from their competitor FedEx lets their customers know that if they are willing to pay more it will be worth it (Crane, et al., 2003). Capacity Control With technology, forecasting, and planning strategies Federal Express is able to handle the fluctuating demand in shipping. With General Information Science (GIS) Federal Express is able to build routes for the driver, guide sorting activities of inbound freight, estimate and record delivery times. This information is stored on a cloud, which is use for future planning and test the durability of a route to accommodate package volume fluctuation (Conger, Dezemplen, Haas, & McLeod, 2010). Efficiency of Federal Express’s Current Business Model Federal Express’s current business model is to â€Å"operate independently, compete collectively.† Currently Federal Express is under the leadership of FedEx Corporation. FedEx Corporations provides strategic direction and financial reporting for the following operating companies that compete collectively, but operate separately worldwide: FedEx Express, FedEx Ground, FedEx Freight, and FedEx Services (Amsler, Cullen, & Erdmenger, 2010). The idea behind â€Å"Operate independently, compete collectively† is that each company will operate independently, compete collectively and manage collaboratively. By operating independently, each of the organizational components (FedEx Express, FedEx Ground, FedEx Freight, and FedEx Services) can focus solely on their market segment. Also by segmenting off each component by its own market segment has provided FedEx the competitive advantage in customer responsiveness and has limited wasted time and resources on problem that are not associated with each market (Amsler,  Cullen, & Erdmenger, 2010). The benefit of all the organizational component competing collectively is carrying and competing under a well know name – FedEx, which is one of the most recognized names in the industry (Smith, 2005). Even though â€Å"operate independently, compete collectively† has worked for Federal Express thus far, but keep in mind it only provided FedEx with a competitive edge in specific customer focus. To gain a stronger competitive advantage FedEx should add cost leadership to their business level strategy. Cost leadership is a business model strategy that works towards lowering a company’s cost structure so they can make and sell their products at a lower price than its competitors (Hill & Jones, 2013). This has been difficult for FedEx, because of their constant expenditures in their infrastructure (Amsler, Cullen, & Erdmenger, 2010). Due to FedEx costly expenditures, they are unable to compete with their biggest rival, UPS in setting prices. Global Competition and the Impact on Suggested Business Strategy Based on the international shipping demand among integrated global corporations and manufactures it will be FedEx’s as well as its competitors best interest to enter into the global shipping industry. Global manufactures are interested in keeping their inventory at a minimum and have just in time delivery option. This way global manufactures can keep cost down, fine-tune their production, and meet delivery deadlines (Hill, 2013) . As for global corporation their shipping need are different. They are in need of fast and a safe way to ship document that are to confidential for internet transmisson or require a real signiture. These global coroporation are seeking for the same shipping services the receive in the U.S for their global operations (Hill, 2013). According to Case 7: â€Å"The Evolution of the Small Package Express Delivery Industry, 1973 -2010† the trend for global shipping need is forcasted to grow approxiamently 18% annually from 1996 to 2016. This means there is a big demand for air cargo operators to build global shipping networks that will allow them to provide shipping services across the globe with in a 48 hour time frame. Through acquistion Federal Express was able to build a global shipping network to meet the demand among intergrated global corporations and manufactures. The acquisition expenses, international start cost, customs regulation cost , labor issue associated with global shipping, and the barries to attaining landing right in many markets prevented FedEx to  include cost leadership in their global busines stratergy. Eventhough FedEx does not have the competitive edge when it come to pricing they are t more visible in the global shipping industry than their competitors. They can offer services and shipping time frames their rivals can not offer. FedEx also has shipping hubs all over the world, which include 600 or so air crafts , which allows them to provide shipping option most of their comepitives can not offer. Based on history this was very difficult for other companies to establish this task. Since very few competitor have the same golobal infrastructure as FedEx global companies relay more FedEx for the international shipping needs (Crane, et al., 2003) Conclusion In conclusion, Federal Express’s competitive advantage is not based on cost, but on its technology infrastructure. Over the years, Federal Express has spent heavily on technology and in acquisitions in order to offer delivery options and services their competitor cannot. The spending was geared towards satisfying the needs of the customer, innovation, offering a quality product and excellence services. The only negative side on spending heavily is that the cost was passed on to the customer, but Federal express stance is that they offer premium services and products. Federal Express can offer their international customers shorter delivery time, because of the major acquisition transactions Federal Express was involved in over the years. As for their domestic business, it may be a little difficult to stand out from their competitor. Currently the competitor (UPS) can offer similar services and convenient shipping options at a lower cost. References Amsler, M., Cullen, J., & Erdmenger, J. C. (2010). Strategic Report for FedEx Corporation. Vector Strategy Group. Conger, R., Dezemplen, R., Haas, J., & McLeod, J. (2010). Using GIS Strategic Planning and Execution at FedEx Express. Crane, B., Landthorn, B., Miri, B., Relph, J., Sanchez, C., & Vernerova, A. (2003). FedEx Corpration: Strategic Management Project. Hill, C. L. (2013). Case 7: The Evolution of the Samll Package Express Delivery Industry, 1973-2010. In C. L. Hill, & G. R. Jones, Strategic Management: An Integrated Approach (pp. C83-C96). Independence: Cengage. Hill, C. L., & Jones, G. R. (2013). Strategic Management: An Integrated Approach (10th ed.). Independence: Cengage. Smith, F. W. (2005). FedEx. Retrieved from FedEx corporation annual report: http://www.fedex.com/us/investorrelations/financialinfo/2005annualreport/online/msg_chair.html

Strategic Audit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 2

Strategic Audit - Essay Example Worldcom was regarded as world’s second-largest long-distance telecommunications company (Lyke, 2002). It was established in 1983 by Bernard Ebbers as a long distance discount service (LDS) provider. It initially sold AT&T WATS lines to small businesses. WorldCom was successful in selling LDDS and thus, the business grew rapidly (Lyke, 2002). The company acquired about 70 small and medium-sized companies. The acquired companies included IDB WorldCom, largest international carrier; WilTel, telecom carrier; and lastly, international phone company and parent of UUNET, MFS Communications (Lyke, 2002).  During the period 1997, the operational networks of CompuServe and America Online formed part of the giant company, WorldCom. The company also merged with Brooks Fiber and thereafter, it had acquired MCI. The merger and acquisition had rendered the company the second largest long distance carrier in the United States. However, prosperous position in the market of United States had not sustained as the company had to file bankruptcy in 2002 (Lyke, 2002). WorldCom filed for bankruptcy since it had encountered huge financial deficit. The company disclosed to have earned the inflated profit of $ 3.8 billion for the previous two years. Nevertheless, the amount was observed to rise beyond $ 10 billion, rendering it the â€Å"largest accounting fraud in U.S. corporate history† (Yahoo! Inc., 2007; Lyke, 2002).  The external auditor of WorldCom was Arther Anderson LLP and later, KPMG.

Violence in America Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Violence in America - Term Paper Example The aftermath of the ruling saw the United States suffer one of the bloodiest wars in world history – the Civil War. In less than ten years since the ruling was made, Congress together with the Northern states addressed the biases in the ruling. The biases were addressed through the amendment of the constitution and the civil rights statute. Through the 13th Amendment, slavery was abolished in all parts of the United States. The 14th Amendment and the Civil Rights Act of 1866 guaranteed citizenship for all qualified, natural-born, and naturalized Americans, inclusive of former slaves and free blacks. The civil rights statute, in addition, authorized the transfer of cases from state to federal courts in cases where citizens’ rights could not be enforced through state systems of justice. The 14th Amendment also prohibited states from infringing the rights enjoyed by American citizens, as well as, ensuring every citizen had the right to due process and equal protection of the law (Kaczorowski, 1987, p. 45). The Congressional Republicans held the view that the14th Amendment and Civil Rights Act of 1886 provided a good ground for revolutionary change in the constitution of the United States. ... The Fourteenth Amendment and the Civil Rights Statute that conferred citizenship on all Americans, and expanded its federally enforceable guarantees to include civil rights protection was surely a revolutionary twist in American federalism.1 Twain called on American leaders to settle down domestic issues and create a society that others could emulate instead of seizing or otherwise taking on new territories. He was particularly outraged by the occupation and ongoing war against the forces of liberation in the Philippines, reporting from Manila and comparing the nationalist leader Emiliano Aguinaldo to Joan of Arc and George Washington. Twain was also quite vitriolic about missionaries who justified imperialism as an extension of the religious duty. 2 Mark Twain did not subscribe to stereotypical attitude regarding the civil war. In his literature, Twain expresses that, traditionally, the southerners were thought to be very spirited towards fighting the Yankees and enslaving them, whi le the northerners were out to oppress the rebels while granting slaves their freedom. By then, slavery was still regarded as legal, a notion that he strongly opposed.3Following outlawing of slavery by the government, Twain still held the view that racism against the black was still evident in the society. He particularly viewed civil war as evil which ought to be eliminated from the society. 4 The radical change in constitutionalism saw the congressional Republicans developed a legal framework delegating Congress the authority to protect the status and civil rights of American citizens. The Republicans maintained that the national government was sovereign. Thus, the national government would work with state governments in protecting the status and rights of American

Research Based Argument - The Necessity of Capital Punishment Essay

Research Based Argument - The Necessity of Capital Punishment - Essay Example The stunning revelation in the article is that in the State of California, the annual legal costs related to capital punishment are estimated at $184 million. Also, it is claimed that by replacing death penalty with life sentences, this amount can be brought down to just $ 11.5 million. Admittedly, this claim Fagan makes seems attractive only to some hardcore do-gooders. People with a sane mind will easily identify that the lives of the citizens in a country cannot be put into jeopardy for economic benefits. It can be admitted that capital punishment invites extensive legal jargons in the forms of appeals and reviews. However, one has to remember the fact that this delay and higher expenditure only shows the ineffectiveness of our legal system; not the ineffectiveness of capital punishment. So, it is evidently irrational to set serial killers free to save the money spent on legal works. Also, as Nugent argues, locking up such insane shooters in jails for the rest of their lifetime wi ll cost taxpayers millions of dollars. One is forced to think whether it would not be a better administration of justice if the killer is executed and this millions of dollars are paid as compensation to the next of kin of the victims. Moreover, as Nugent points out, it costs only ‘a 25 cent bullet’ to eliminate the criminal in cases like the Tucson shootout. If any money more than that is spent on legal battles, it is the justice system to be blamed; not capital punishment. Also, the figures put forward by Fagan are under criticism for lack of evidence. In fact, the work ‘Death penalty and sentencing information’ by Sharp points out that life without parole (LWOP) is nearly $1.2 to $3.6 million more expensive than death penalty. Another minor argument seen in the article of Fagan is that sometimes the society seems as guilty as the culprit in certain crimes. For example, the killer of a 22 year old female is found to be mentally unstable and brain-damaged. The investigation proves that the killer had a very horrible upbringing as a child as he had his birth as an impoverished Mono tribe American Indian. Also, he was taken away from his alcoholic parents at a very early age and was molested and abused in foster homes and other institutions. As a result, he was addicted to heroin and other drugs by the time he turned 5. Thus, Fagan argues that in such cases, giving capital punishment to the criminal is unjustifiable as the culprit is not guiltier than the family and society he lives in. It is with this insight that the article says that if capital punishment is replaced with life imprisonment, â€Å"you would also run no chance of executing an innocent person† (Fagan). However, the fact is that laymen or the citizens of a country cannot bear the brunt of setting mentally deranged people free. For example, Nugent writes in The Washington Times about the Tucson shootout which killed six and wounded 13. As Fagan argues in his artic le, in this case too, the culprit was mentally deranged. As a result, he is going to spend the rest of his life in the comfort of jail eating up the tax paid by obedient citizens. As Nugent argues, â€Å"you don’t need to be an overpaid prison psychologist to determine that (the criminal is mentally deranged) no

Space (Digital) and Place (Physical) Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Space (Digital) and Place (Physical) - Coursework Example In the older days companies tried to market themselves and used several medium that range from radio, personal selling, and direct mail among others (Kurtz, 2008). In the new economy, companies must adopt strategies that are advantageous. This makes digital presence important for each and every organization. Digital presence is seen as the application of the digital platform by an organization in its business strategy (Mullins & Walker, 2010). The digital platform involves the use of web based applications in the delivery of goods and services. The internet and the World Wide Web have been used extensively by companies as mediums of digital presence. Companies have set up their websites and these are being used to sell goods and services both nationally and globally (Hanzaee, Behbound, & Ardakani, 2011). This brings us to the importance of digital presence for any organization which is: the syndication of information, the increasing returns to scale of network products, ability to cu stomize and personalize market offerings, ability to disinter mediate distribution, global reach, round the clock access and the possibility of instantaneous delivery (Mullins & Walker, 2010). ... Physical presence helps organizations in the delivery of goods and service to the market. Whereas digital presence is seen as important in the twenty first century because of the techno savvy generation, physical presence is still important especially to the local market and to those people who do not have access to the internet (Kurtz, 2008). A few strategic steps must be taken to ensure a company is located at the right place that is safe, friendly and accessible to the target market. The strategic positioning must follow the process of marketing that is concerned with socialization providing the needed activities in order that the customers and the organization get what they want and when they want it to facilitate an effective exchange process (Mullins & Walker, 2010). There are many implications for companies planning to maintain digital presence or physical presence. Digital presence means that a company must invest in technology especially web based technologies and mobile tel ephony platforms that will enable them to reach their customers and their customers to reach them (Simms, 2007). Vats amount of resources may be required in infrastructure in order to reach targeted populations. Financial resources will also be required to facilitate the entire process. The company must also involve itself in the provision of information to its customers informing them of the move to the online platform and these require a lot investment in advertising and promotional content (Simms, 2007). Many companies especially in the 20th century began with the physical presence before venturing onto the online platform. In the 21st century companies do not necessarily have to set up a physical presence before moving to the

Opportunities for the Multinational Enterprise Term Paper

Opportunities for the Multinational Enterprise - Term Paper Example The meaning of Globalisation can easily be interpreted from the word itself. It is nothing but going international. When people realized that they cannot survive from the resources that they had available in their vicinity, they began exchanging goods with their neighbors, which got expanded to exchange with other countries, organizations, etc. This exchange of goods for goods, or the Barter system, gradually turned into import and export of goods mainly based on availability, or technically the lack thereof, which brought about this whole cycle. When focused from an overall perspective, the term globalization is something, as part of which common people, organizations, etc interact among themselves in different spheres of their lives, including cultural sphere, financial sphere, etc, etc.. â€Å"Globalization may be thought of as the widening, deepening and speeding up of worldwide interconnectedness in all aspects of contemporary social life, from the cultural to the criminal, the financial to the spiritually.† (Wiley, Nandi and Shahidullah 1998, p.21). Although from the above definition, one can infer that globalization can be referred to any form of global integration or interaction, the fact, it is mainly used with an economic perspective and multinational business, and the resultant interaction between organizations particularly Multinational Companies (MNC). The term ‘globalisation’ involves increasing volume and variety of cross-border transactions in goods and services, free international capital flows and more rapid and widespread diffusion of technology. To make things simpler, we can say that Globalisation is a process of rapid integration of countries particularly MNCs, and how those companies utilizing opportunities in a particular market or another country, enter it to do business or another process there. On the other hand, critics of Globalisation emphasize the ensuing debate regarding the roles and relationships of corporat ions and the country’s citizens in maximizing economic development and social welfare. There appears quite a number of challenges for the MNCs while doing business in new markets as part of the globalization. So, this paper first discussing the main forces driving the globalization process, will explain the opportunities and then the challenges that globalization presents to multinational businesses. Forces driving the globalization process As the various trade and other barriers between the countries got broken, MNCs, using the globalization plank, have entered and are entering into different business sectors. This entry of MNCs into various territories to do business was not a new phenomenon, but an age-old phenomenon, which happened under the guise of imperialism. From time immemorial, various geographical territories, as well as nations, have been indulging in business with one another, to fulfill their product or service wants and shortages, as well as to garner good fin ances through product sale and thereby strengthening their economies. Even the British entered Indian subcontinent to do business under the tag of British East India Company. This form of trade has been going on for many centuries, however, certain countries in different points of their history have put certain restrictions on trade with other countries or enterprises due to political, financial as well as other social reasons. That is, this trade based entry started transforming into imperialism, as the European and other Western powers, tapping the weakness of the Asian and African ruling powers, eventually captured the nations’ territories and started to rule them. This set a bad precedent, and after independence many countries started actualizing a protectionist regime, preventing or restricting entry of foreign organizations. These countries or territories did not allow the entry of foreign companies as well as its products and even went to the extent of preventing its o wn companies to do any business with the foreign companies.

Tommy Hilfiger The Struggles of an American Fashion Icon Case Study

Tommy Hilfiger The Struggles of an American Fashion Icon - Case Study Example The paper "Tommy Hilfiger The Struggles of an American Fashion Icon" discovers the American Fashion Icon, Tommy Hilfiger. Fashion companies remain relevant as long as they innovate and come up with new designs for their customers. People get easily bored when they simply get the variants of the same thing. For starting, Tommy Hilfiger was innovative and came out with brands that people coveted. However, nearing the end of the 1990s, the company slowed down its rate of innovation, instead focused on distribution, and opening more stores for the existing brands. Other brands came up and overtook the company in terms of both innovation and distribution. The turn of the century has witnessed many new fashion brands coming up to offer customers better clothes at cheaper prices. To survive such a landscape, Tommy Hilfiger needs to seek ways of covering all the loopholes available to its design, supply chain, and pricing models. In design, it should focus on a few brands that are still prof itable in its line of offers. This aspect would allow the company to eliminate wasting time and resources on unprofitable ventures. For the supply chain, the company can seek other ways of taking the clothes to the customers such as using companies specialized in supply chain management. The prices should be reduced a bit to match that of competitors but not to be too low that they cheapen the brand. Furthermore, increasing of influence sphere can also affect the sales, increase the overall company’s performance.

Developing a strategic approach Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Developing a strategic approach - Research Paper Example Apart from that, several government policies such as Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) where both uninsured and insured American citizens are guaranteed with the right of receiving medical attention at lower rates. This can harm the financial health of Jim’s Care Center (Wallace, 2006). Apart from that, the internal factors such as recruiting and retaining qualified employees. Hence, it is essential to devise relevant strategies that will allow the firm to remain consistent with the market situations. The first step in ensuring proper functioning of the business and ensure prosperity of the business is to set a relevant mission and vision statement. In addition, it is also essential to develop strategic goals for the firm as that will allow them to follow a proper direction and the process will be more systematic. In the subsequent sections, the mission and vision statement of the company will be developed and along with that the strategic goals of the firm will also be formulated. Apart from that, service delivery strategy and support components required will be discussed. Lastly, on the basis of the findings of the study, recommendations pertaining to the specific adaptive strategy or combination of adaptive strategies that would be most effective in ensuring that the organization achieves its strategic goals and approaches to manage those strategies will be clearly discussed. The mission of Jim’s Care Center is to provide health care services to the people at an affordable price and continue to offer medical consultation to the patient till the time he/she is fully cured. The vision statement of Jim’s Care Center is to make offer people make this world free from diseases. We believe that along with quality and timely treatment, sympathetic view and price affordability, together we can curb any disease and offer human

Final Exam Biology Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Final Exam Biology - Assignment Example The primary consumers will have all the energy from the sun and synthesize nutrients. These nutrients will be used by each level with little being passed to the next trophic level hence the biomass will decrease. Considering the concept of ecological efficiency, only about ten per cent of the nutrients and energy passed to a given trophic level will be utilized. Therefore, that will be lost with the one in the next trophic level being smaller by ten percent. This is the main reason why the pyramid will rarely have more than seven trophic levels. The acacia ants live in the thorns. The acacia produce the substance that the ants use for food. On the other hand, the ants defend the acacia from herbivores by stinging them. Therefore, when the ants were removed, the acacia left could have been destroyed by herbivores with their height remaining limited. The ants also prune other plants that grow under the acacia making them dominant. This explains the information presented on the graph. Dead zones are also called hypoxic zones. They exist in oceans where there is low oxygen concentration such that aerobic organisms living there die due to lack of oxygen. Dead zones are formed due to an interaction between biological, chemical and physical factors. Nutrients from agriculture and urban development are washed off to the water bodies such as the ocean. The excess nutrients fertilize the quick growing microscopic plants in a process known as eutrophication. Once all the nutrients are used up by the phytoplankton, they sink to the bottom and decompose. The decomposition process by the aerobic bacteria depletes the oxygen making the region hypoxic. This leads to the formation of dead zones. Hamilton addressed the issue of altruism to develop the equation above. His approach considered that provided there is a genetic basis for altruistic tendencies should-via the principle of independent assortment-produce siblings with a particular probability

Shaken and therefore angered Essay Example for Free

Shaken and therefore angered Essay Chris is a character in which the audience can really relate to, the audience only knows what Chris knows, both of them dont know the real truth. Miller uses Chris to convey the real message out of this story. Chris a character who believes his father and is a very innocent in the beginning of the play. The truth of the cylinder heads effects Chris so much because the people who Keller killed were like brothers to him. Chris refers to the soldiers in war as his brothers because the war experience to him was very moving for him, Chris was amazed to see the courage and love which each soldier gave to each other, and how he was shocked to see that the same courage and love wasnt seen back at home after the war. On page 66, he calls the soldiers as his boys which is a reflection of how much he cared for them. Miller uses Chris to show how businesses made profit out of the war, how they wrongly used innocent soldiers to profit from. . Such as on page 61 when George says how Steve would like to get every man who made money out of the war, Chris replies Hell need a lot of bullets so agreeing with him. Miller is very anti-capitalist, and he makes Chris anti-capitalist as well, he want to make Chris a person who attacks people who want to make money out of doing wrong, that is why he didnt want his name on his dads business. Miller wants to use Chris to show how corrupt the American dream really is. Chris can be viewed at being a character who never deceives himself or others, however this isnt entirely true. On page 76 he admits that he suspected that his father was responsible for the soldiers deaths but still lies and deceives himself to George, I suspected my father and I did nothing about it.  Miller dramatises the theme that sooner or later the chickens will come home to roost very well. He does it very effectively and uses a variety of techniques which makes it effective. If you refer to the word when in the actual theme, relates to the point that eventually the consequences of actions are going t come back to haunt the character. This idea of something appearing later on in the story engages the audience who wait to see what the other character reactions are to emerging consequences. Another way in which he makes the dramatising effective is by stopping us in particular parts in a crucial conversation which is likely to give us the vital information which we need to make full sense and understanding of the play. The stopping in a middle of a heated conversation is known as a diversionary tactic, Miller uses them by introducing new characters who stop a engaging conversation between two of the main characters in the play. An example of the use of a diversionary tactic is shown on page 53. This is where George has entered the scene with Anne and Chris, at first the tension is very low and the conversation is very light-hearted, but it soon switches when George asks Anne whether she has married Chris yet. The topic of marriage increases the tension in the scene, and is aided by the short and sharp verses which both George and Chris say. The argument escalates even further when Keller is brought in to the topic of conversation, Your Dad took everything we have. The audience become more engaged with the conversation as George demands to see Keller, so that the confrontation which the audience have been wanting for can now happen but Miller holds the audience back and uses a diversionary tactic by introducing mother. Mother quickly reduces the tension and relaxes the atmosphere by referring to George in an informal and friendly way, Georgie. George decides to change the topic of conversation which he previously had with Chris and start talking light-heartedly to Mother, he decides to be more friendly as he doesnt want to alarm or upset such a fragile and disturbed women. Another effective technique which Miller uses, is the use of stage directions, they are used to portray a characters positions and reactions. They are used to enhance the suspicions within the audience, examples of them are Crossing to them rapidly, They wait and Shaken and therefore angered. These specific examples are used just before George enters the scene, and makes the audience question to why the other characters have those stage directions.

Educational Interview With A Professor Of Psychology

Educational Interview With A Professor Of Psychology Interview 9 (40mins) What percentage of your work time is spent on research? 40% What is your highest educational qualification? PhD in Applied Psychology What is your primary discipline or field of study? Department of psychology, Faculty of arts and social sciences What is your position? In-charge/Assistant Professor I: Could you please give me some details of your background and research experience? S: I did graduation from Lahore College for Women University and MSc in Psychology from Government College. I was awarded K.B. Nanak Buksh Silver Medal, Roll of Honor and Certificates of Merit for standing first in MSc Psychology. Recently I have completed PhD in Applied Psychology from the University of the Punjab. I am teaching undergraduate and MPhil Classes. My research work is in developmental, educational and on social issues, and currently working on psychological articles and also conducting seminars. I am doing teaching and research for 15 years and my administrative responsibilities include being an advisor of psychological society, BSc Coordinator, member of the departmental undergraduate committee, member of the departmental purchase committee and In charge of departmental computer lab. Due to the extensive load of administrative responsibilities my research work has become stagnant. Our department creates opportunities for individuals to apply the knowledge that they gai n out of their academic experiences. I: How is the research work important to this University? S: I think it is the role of a university and the university is in the process of motivating researchers in doing research, but within this institution, I may not put more emphasis on the quality of work, as no one would do research. But if someone can produce a qualified research, it is quite appreciable. When a research is carried out it is important that the researcher should be put under supervision of the relevant faculty member. It is our job to facilitate them with all the essential directions and strategies. I: How is the research environment at this University? N: Our department of psychology gives sufficient chances to work together with the international community. We encourage our students and faculty members to take part in the seminars and workshops it is arranged at both the levels i.e. at national and international every year you can say I: What is the distribution of your responsibilities towards research? N: I have published 20 articles in the HEC recognized journal of social and clinical psychology and currently my two books are in the pipeline for publishing. In my opinion, having publication is a good thing because it can be an evidence for promotion. It is good to realize how these researches can be utilized in the practical way. Some researchers don’t publish their works. Having said that actual is administrative responsibilities, we as professors have high work load so it gets difficult to finish our research work that is why publications are due for quite some time. I: How much incentives you have available for conducting research? N: As social science is a dynamic system, it gives us more opportunities to do research because of its changes. Our thoughts right now may be changed in the future. Therefore the change of ideas can be the research topic itself. We should not limit our projects for studying current events in Pakistan, but look forward to the future or backward to the past, as well as observing other mysterious parts. In fact, the restriction of research is how people utilize research results for their monetary benefits. Some people understand that research in social sciences produces no monetary advantages. Therefore, we do not receive as much incentive as for other disciplines. I: How important is the collaboration with the international scholars? N: International exposure is very important if we want to excel as a nation. We do get opportunities to interact with foreign faculties for academic and research purposes. There are few universities abroad that have collaboration, capacity building and research development association with our university. I: How being an instructor, you judge the research work? N: Research plays a part in everything and we have projects to enhance research knowledge. The dean and administrative staff also support research activities. We have training programs about classroom research for developing teaching and research activities. Academics, which have no time to do research during working hours, have to do research as an overtime job. We encourage academics to do classroom research by beginning with small projects then moving to bigger ones later. We set classroom research training in the year 2004 and gained good response from our staff. We invited a qualified person to be a guest speaker and also did assessments after we finished the training course. We did this after 6 months to see whether academics had any research outcomes or not. We have never stopped helping academics to prepare for research funding. Moreover, at the beginning of May 2005, we provided training courses about how to write a qualified research proposal. We invited a national research er from the research fund regional office to teach and to inform us about the sources of funding. There were so many academics participating in this training course, and at least 10 lecturers who planned to submit their research proposals. I: What are the changes in the research situation from the past to the present? N: I think there is no difference between the levels of education. The level of education academics have, if they are interested in doing research, searching for answer, and utilizing the knowledge, then they have the ability to do research. The level of people’s ability to do research may differentiate because academics have inadequate fields of experience. Individuals who have more experience can see the world wider than the less experienced one. Therefore, the doctoral graduates usually have more knowledge than the lower qualified individuals because they have more opportunity to discuss with their advisors and other people. It drives those individuals to produce more research work, on the other hand when examining the quantity of work we cannot justify the claim that the doctoral graduates have more amount of work than the lower one. It depends on personal interest thus, it can be concluded that lecturers who have different levels of education may have different level of r esearch. Doctoral graduates do research for finding new knowledge, while the lower graduates may do research for utilizing knowledge and researching something that surrounds them. I: What is the impact that you think research can eventually make on your professional development and your institute? N: Psychologists are needed where there is a human factor involved. Our industry needs psychologist to ensure extended support, counseling and to encounter conflicts and then providing resolution. The researcher should not stop creating ideas because if he stops, he may not reach the desired destination of contributing to knowledge. This institute has two main responsibilities. Research is the most important task in introducing new technology and new knowledge, and this can then be shown to the public in the form of academic service. Our institution supports and encourages lecturers to do continuous research projects that bring benefits to institution, agriculturists, other people, and specific private companies who are interested in technological development. Therefore, research is a main duty for institutional development.

Oral Health Promotion Health And Social Care Essay

Oral Health Promotion Health And Social Care Essay The future of Oral Health within the community is no longer just dependent exclusively on the oral health professional. Rather the necessity is evident to involve the Allies of Health within oral health promotion. The old emphasis on just treatment needs to be removed as it hasnt made a significant reduction in the incidences experienced by an individual as a result of their own oral health problems(NSW Department of Health., 2006). Hence new approach is necceisary, where oral health promotion has been made to help people come to overall health instead of just the illness itself. This new form of oral health promotion aims to have a more of an overall health concentration by considering the determinants of health such as social, environmental, economical and behavioural and the collaboration with allies of health. The Role of each allied health worker and preventative strategies in addressing community health problems allied health professionals are important assets for oral health professionals e.g: pharmacist, speech pathologist, child and family nurses and drug and alcohol service personnel. These allied health workers have a responsibility in oral health promotion as well as having a idiosyncratic role themselves as an allied health worker. Pharmacists have a primary role in the distribution of medications to patients that have been prescribed to them. They play an imperative element in providing patients information by advising patients of the different types of medications available, dosages, and any adverse side effects that the medication may cause and most importantly to ensure the safe and effective use of the medication. They are also at the first point of contact for any questions or queries by the patients who has concerns about health in general and sometimes the first to be approached to find remedies to solve common health issues(Kritikos, 2011). hence the vital need for a pharmacist to be able to educate the community and help manage the health of patients to help improve the result for each individual patient. Some strategies include: Pamphlets and advice about drugs and interactions Initial assessment of general health and recommendations to achieving healthy living Smoking cessation programs Referral pathways options Another example of allied health workers is Speech pathologists. The main roles of speech pathologists are the assessment and/or treatment of individuals who endure speech disabilities. They work closely with these individuals to help with their communication ranging from speech, writing, signs, symbols or gestures(Cowell, 2011). They are also responsible for working with patients who have problems eating and drinking. Speech pathologists are often seen at schools, nursing homes, hospitals, rehabilitation centers and community health centers. Many strategies are created by speech pathologists to provide information as well as therapy which is important in refrence to early intervention of communication problems(Speech Pathology Australia., 2011). Examples of strategies include: Careful assessment and diagnosis of swallowing programs Management and techniques to Promotion of effective communication Promotion of safe eating practices as well as dietary alternatives Referral pathway options Early Childhood Community Nurses help and work with parents raising a child in the early few years of life. Ensuring that the child is healthy and doing a variety of tests to see if the child is functioning to a satisfactory level by early identification of deviations from the normal and facilitation of interventions to reduce their impact and support parents in having their children ready for life and learning at school entry. With the nurses either conducting home visiting of 1-4 week olds or parents bringing child into the community health centres and using the My first health record blue book the childs progress and development can be monitored as well as detecting anything of concern early. Such as hearing, vision, growth/weight (BMI), immunisation and other programs such as Lift the lip/See me smile. By using screening and surveillance the Nurse, the child and its environment can be seen and the nurse can help with changing it with the family to make sure the child is in the be st environment achievable.(Mackenzie J and Horswell N., 2011). Key preventive strategies for health include: Screening and immunization Parenting groups Breast feeding clinics Home visiting to newborns and continual support for those who are identified as high risk Involvement in campaigns Lip the lip campaign; Initiative to detect early child hood caries Referral pathway options Drug and alcohol service workers are also allied health professionals who offer services that include detoxification, consultation liaisons, abstinence maintenance programs, psychology support and referral to other agencies (Lutz, 2011). They help individuals keep in good health as those who require help perceive health as an issue of little importance therefore placing them at a higher risk of chronic disease. The drug and alcohol services aim is to assist in controlling illnesses related to drugs and alcoholic abuse, and in the long term decrease the usage of said substances till ultimate long term abstienence. This creates a better outlook on the persons general health (Victorian Auditor General., 2011). Key strategies which the drug and alcohol services implement include: Involvement in campaigns Great Whites, Oral health Program Family Drug Helpline Counseling Services Rehabilitation and abstinence programs Pharmacotherapy; methadone clinics Referral pathway options These allied health professionals are vital for oral health promotion as their primary roles allow them to have initial contact to a variety of the community. Oral health professionals can make use of this to integrate oral health messages by communication and networking to reach the general population as well as certain target groups at risk. Communication and Networking Oral health promotion is usually targeted at cohorts within the community which include the whole population, prenatal, infants and preschoolers, school aged children and adolescents, young adults, low income earners, the elderly and rural and remote communities. Communication and networking is vital to construct relations within the allied health workers who provide services for these groups in order to maintain encouragement for oral health. Communication and networking between oral health professionals and pharmacists can address oral health issues of the community. Issues which oral health professional must guarantee the pharmacist understands include the option non-xerostomic medication and how to this can affect oral health especially in the elderly and the need for mouth guards for physical sport to prevent trauma in young adults. With this information the pharmacist is able to educate and guide the patient to better decisions which will affect their oral health and the pharmacist is able to provide referrals to oral health practioners. The communication works in both directions as pharmacist also provide the oral health team with information on drug interactions and if there can be any concerns when providing dental treatment as well as education for the safe prescription of antibiotics in order to maintain a good balance of health. Speech pathologists as a part of their role also deal with patients whom have difficulty communicating as well as swallowing and drinking problems. They play an significant position in the early detection of communicational problems which may affect overall health for infants by distributing information to parents on what to do. Also they help the elderly who may require support with swallowing and drinking problems. Hence it is imperative for oral health professionals to work in association with these allied health workers as they have direct contact with patients whom display dental anomalies such as cleft lip and palate as well as the elderly who may have a reduced functioning dentition. The inter-communications will allow for improved help for conditions by adopting strategies to provide help and education about the importance oral health. Child and family health nurses provide support, education and information for new parents. This support is helpful for the education and the promotion of health which can be implemented at the young ages of the child. Communication between oral health professionals and child and family health nurses will assist in the creation of healthy habits which are established early providing the greatest opportunity for good health in the future and in particular early childhood caries. It is essential to create communication with the child and family nurses so that oral health becomes a early message to the families and children. it is important to detect those at risk early rather than when addressing oral health issues once intervention treatment is required. Drug and alcohol services are available to a wide range of the population and people of various ages in aspects such as drug education, addiction counseling and abstaining programs. Oral health professionals need to include this into the oral health promotion by collaborating with the drug and alcohol services. Oral health messages are vital in regards to drugs and alcohol education as the effects of some drugs also have adverse effects on the paitents oral health. Thereby creating communicational networks will create the ability for sufficient education and information that is available to people by the drug and alcohol service, and when it is neccissary to refer them to an oral health professional. By creating these communicational pathways with the allied health workers, the spread of oral health promotional programs will be distributed throughout the community. This leads to a larger recognition of the need for adequate oral health. This mutual support will help not only oral health but all other aspects of the allied health industry, thereby giving the individual the best help possible. The difference between Health Education and Health Promotion Most people within the community are confused and have trouble differentiating between health educatin and health promotion. There needs to be a obvious and clear difference between the two to enable oral health professionals to make health promotion programs. Health education involves educating individuals to recognize the determinants of health. It provides individual autonomy letting them better their own health by creating their own health plans by increasing knowledge which in turn lead to better attitudes which will lead to appropriate behavior changes (World Health Organization., 2011). Health education is an important part of but not the sum of health promotion. Health promotion integrates the choice of the individual but extends more than this to also include the social responsibilities of health. Health promotion thus also includes health prevention and health protection. Health prevention known as when the risk of disease is reduced through preventing incidence, using interventions which may alter development of disease or rehabilitation of a patient to a level of health that has a slim chance of having a relapse. The aim of health protection is to inhibit poor health by improving the communities living and working conditions. hence health promotion is a holistic approach to health not just focusing on the illness but also concerned with the social and environmental determinants of health(World Health Organization., 2011). as a result of this, to have successful oral health promotion, we as oral health professionals must look beyond just the oral cavity, and look at the overall health of the individual. Therefore it is imperitive to include the allies of health within the oral healh ptomotion to have an equal level of physica, mental and social wellbeing, not just being free from symptoms of disease. This is attained by amalgamation of the common risk factor approach. Incorporation of the Common Risk Factor Approach Allies of health need to be involved in oral health promotion as this can make sure that there is a uniformity within the messages being spread out to the community. The integration of the common risk factors approach helps ensure this, as it is realized many illnesses share similar risk factors. By dealing with these risk factors in health promotion programs can be made to maximize health outcomes. controllable risk factors equate to 32% of Australias total incidence illnesses. The risk factors that affect poor oral health included diet, hygiene, smoking, alcohol and drug use, stress and trauma which are also common for other chronic diseases. If these factors are not managed, it will be difficult to assits the individual find health. Examples of these risk factors include smoking which costs up to 5.7 billion a year in lost productivity or alcohol which contributes to 1.9 million in health effects(The Pharmacy Guild of Australia., 2010). As there are various risk factors that affect ones oral health, it is best to collaborate with the Allies of Health to gain help for the risk factors instead of relying only on the oral health professional to help for all risk factors. Equipped with the multiple health services, individuals are able be given all help possible to help reach good health as well as good oral health. (Sheiham A, 2000) Allies of health are able to give specialized advice in their own field, e.g pharmacist can show a non-xerostomic drug or educational pamphlets that the pharmacist can provide regarding smoking cessation and alcohol use. Speech pathologists can help with issues with eating food. The early childhood nurse is able to provide advice about a childs teeth by lifting the lip, diet information and also the management of stress such as post-partum/anti-natal depression. The Drug and Alcohol program is able to give help to assist individuals find control over their addiction. Integration of the 5 principles of the Ottawa Charter Health promotion is based around the Ottawa Charter, this is no different for oral health promotion. To be successful the health promotion must incorporate 5 key principals: Building healthy public policy Create supportive environments Strengthening community action Developing personal skills Re-orientating health services Health promotion is the mutual work of what health is, income and social policies that provide equality to everyone. Oral Health promotion consists of the allies of health that assist in creating a healthy public policy. The joint work of the allies of health assists in identifying the factors that create bad oral health, and how to remove said factors. An example is the Early Childhood nurse, who provides new parents a My First Health Record (Blue Book).An Oral Health example could be that, an oral health professional may be the first see the signs of smoking or drug abuse. Advice can be given but a referral to another area of the allies of health such as the drug and alcohol service is the ultimate goal. Health promotion can only exist if there is a good amount of cooperation within the community and between the alied health workers. Information received from an oral health professional is usually received in short unreggular times as it is usually during appointments they have contact. Therefore the importance is evident for allied health workers to assist each other in promoting not only oral health but all aspects of health. for example an oral health professional reffering a patient to a drug and alcohol worker or an pharmacist providing information on non-xerostomic alternatives to medicines they have. Health promotion is not a task that can be done by a solitary organization. It is the multiple health services correspondantivly working together i.e allies of health. The allies of health that consists of the mutual work between the services that allows for proper health promotion to occur. True health promotion is an understanding that its not only being free from illness, it is that an individuals holistic health is of a adequate level. Hence the vital point that all allies of health must work together to not only treat e.g the oral cavity but also provide information for smoking cessation at the same time, providing insight and information of the illnesses one can contract. Hence it is not solely the oral health professionals responsibility to promote oral health, but it is also the role of all areas of the allies of health. In conclusion it is consequently fundamental to involve allies of health in oral health promotion because by recognizing their roles within the community, oral health professionals can work together with other allies of health e.g drug and alcohol services to detract from only health education and enter a health promotionary phase. This will enable all the allies of health to have a higher success rate by being thoughtful to the common risk factors approach to health promotion thereby following the principals of the ottowa charter. As it is known, it cannot be done alone. It can only be done with allies.

Daffyds Journey :: English Literature Essays

Daffyd's Journey His feet weren't going where he told them too!!! It was cold, so cold, and even though he knew where he was going, an advantage over most, he couldn't shake off the morbid feeling of doom, no matter how hard he tried. Guns were sounding in the distance, and although he was well away from the fighting, he was panicking. Amidst the feelings of doom and panic, he was confused. It wasn't even this bad on the front line!! Why was he feelign this way? Was his gut telling him the truth? As if out of nowhere, a man dropped out of the tree above him in a shower of leaves and twigs, and with an evil grin, blew him up. The old man sat up in his bed, waking with a start. For a moment, he was slightly disorientated. The adrenalin was still coursing through his body like a fire out of control. With a few breaths, he tried to calm himself. The old dream, he thought. I will never forget it, it will never let me out of its steely indifferent grasp. The veteran, who went by the name of David, was an old man now. His youth had deserted him, the war had aged him. He couldn't fight the dreams like he used to. But he did have wisdom and experience on his side, though he was hard-pressed to figure out how that could help. He cast around for another subject. His mother's mother was Welsh. His mother had brought him up Welsh, her name for him had been 'Daffyd'. He wondered why he remembered that. He was confused, he didn't know what he was feeling or why. He shook his head, and with some small sense of purpose, climbed out of bed. He had decided to walk down to the beach, which was only a street away, to clear his head. He knew not why he would do this, his worst memories were of a beach. He figured he was 'confronting his fears' like they do in the stories. It could work, stranger things had happened. David reached the beach, and made his way to the cliff that he had always loved as a little boy. This was his home, where he had grown upm where he had laughed, played, and where his mother had died. All because of him. He shuddered, trying not to think about it. He sat down on the mossy grass, and remembered.

Understanding Celiac Disease Essay -- immune system, multisystem disor

Unfortunately for diagnosed patients, there is no recognized cure for Celiac disease. What the individual must do instead, is change their diet completely. Some may think that changing a diet around is no big deal and in fact, that may be true until it happens to them. Similar to many other aspects of life, nothing seems to be a problem or as severe until it directly affects the person who thinks it is not a big issue. This makes people diagnosed with Celiac disease lives challenging. On top of having to change their diets completely, they also have to deal with people who do not understand the disease and how it is a serious problem. Being diagnosed with Celiac disease affects the everyday life of people and restricts what they can eat. Celiac disease is a multisystem disorder. It causes the body’s immune system to respond negatively to the protein in specific grains. "The immune system responds to these proteins because it thinks it is being attacked. It then builds antibodies to protect itself from these proteins and inturn those antibodies cause damage to the small intestines" (Bower). In life you do not realize that anything is wrong until of course when you notice something is wrong. For example, coming home from somewhere and walking through the front door just like any other normal day and there is no realization that the house is broken into until noticing that the back door is smashed open. Celiac disease is much like the back door in the prior situation. Many people do not even realize that they have this issue until their stomach begins to be in pain for longer periods. â€Å"Celiac disease, a multisystem disease, is one of the most underdiagnosed hereditary autoimmune disorders.† What multisystem means is that the ... ... hundred percent. This disease is extremely complicated and time consuming, it involves tons of research and planning. Every meal has to be thought about and anticipated. Gluten-free diets are one of the most difficult diets to follow in today's world. Works Cited Bower, Sylvia Llewelyn, Mary Kay Sharrett, and Steve Plogsted. Celiac Disease A Guide to Living with Gluten Intolerance. New York: Demos Medical Publishing, LLC., 2007. Green, Regina. Personal Interview. 06 December 2015. Dennis, Melinda and Daniel Leffler. Real Life With Celiac Disease Troubleshooting and Thriving Gluten Free. Bethesda, MD: AGA Press, 2010. Green, Peter H.R. and Rory Jones. Celiac Disease A Hidden Epidemic. New York: HarperCollins Publisher, 2010. Langwith, Jacqueline. Perspectives On Disease & Disorders Celiac Disease. Farmington Hills, MI: Greenhaven Press, 2012.

Law Codes

Chad Goering Essay #1 â€Å"Hittite Law Code† and the â€Å"Code of the Assyrians† In this paper, I’ll compare both law codes of the Hittites and Assyrians by comparing the two aspects dealing with sexual conduct and relations. Also, I’ll examine their differences and similarities and consider why regulating sexuality was so important to both the Hittites and Assyrians. When examining the Hittite and Assyrian law codes, I thought there was a big difference. The first thing I noticed was that the Hittite laws were stricter and focused more on men, where the Assyrians laws were more punishable to women.A majority of the laws written by the Hittites only involved punishment towards men. Yes Assyrians also had punishments but not as largely targeted towards men as the Hittites. For example there is a Hittite law saying â€Å"If a man have intercourse with a cow, it is a capital crime, he shall die. They shall lead him to the king's hall. But the king may kill him; the king may grant him his life. But he shall not approach the king. † As said in the â€Å"Hittite Law Code: excerpts from The Code of the Nesilim. There is nothing in the Assyrian code mentioning anything about a man committing bestiality. The Assyrians are opposite compared to the Hittites; their laws are mainly targeted at women rather than men. According to â€Å"Excerpts from the Code of the Assyrians,† there is a law stating, â€Å"If a man have relations with the wife of a man at her wish, there is no penalty for that man. The man shall lay upon the woman, his wife, the penalty he wishes. † From my understanding, they do not focus on what the man did but rather just what the woman has done.The women alone will take punishment for the act. Examining the two laws makes me believe the difference between the two groups is the harshness towards men or women. However, the Hittites and Assyrians do have similarities. There are two laws that are closely co mparable regarding a man raping a woman. The Hittite law states, â€Å"If a man rape a woman in the mountain, it is the man's wrong, he shall die. But if he rape her in the house, it is the woman's fault, the woman shall die. If the husband find them and then kill them, there is no punishing the husband. (Hittite Law Code: excerpts from The Code of the Nesilim).The Assyrians law stated by â€Å"Excerpts from the Code of the Assyrians† based on rape states, â€Å"If the wife of a man be walking on the highway, and a man seize her, say to her â€Å"I will surely have intercourse with you,† if she be not willing and defend herself, and he seize her by force and rape her, whether they catch him upon the wife of a man, or whether at the word of the woman whom he has raped, the elders shall prosecute him, they shall put him to death. There is no punishment for the woman. In my opinion, the punishment for this crime is almost exactly the same for both the Hittites and Assyr ians.Therefore, there are some similarities between the Hittites and the Assyrians law codes. One aspect on punishment I find interesting is how harsh the Hittites and Assyrians punishments were compared to how they are today in the United States. The reason why I think the Hittites and Assyrians were so harsh was because they didn’t have a problem with killing somebody. To them, both groups felt if you committed the crime, you will receive the punishment deserved.I’m not saying that America doesn’t have a good system, but I don’t think the punishments given are nearly as harsh as what they should be. When it comes to relationships, Hittites and Assyrians treat it the same. They both have a male dominated culture. Men can do whatever they want while women have to be loyal to their husband. From reading the laws about sexual conduct, I understand that if you’re a man, you can have sex whenever and wherever if the partner is willing. As stated before , if the man rapes a woman there will be punishment.However, if you’re a woman, you cannot cheat on your husband. Therefore, makes this sexual conduct law one sided towards men. Overall, when comparing the laws between the Hittites and Assyrians, I believe that they are pretty similar. Both of the codes are saying to not cheat on your husband. I find it interesting though that they both focus on the women cheating and not the male. Neither code has a law saying anything about a man cheating on his wife. Yes, they have punishment for men who rape women but nothing more than that. They expect women to be more proper and focus on doing the right thing.Even in today’s society they expect women to be perfect and loyal and not be sluts. Nowadays, men are expected to be the same as women. Allowing men and women to have the same expectations is a good thing because both are treated more closely equal. In today’s society, men and women are still somewhat treated differen t in certain situations, however, both men and women are now treated equally when it comes to punishment which is a good thing. The only problem I have with the punishment in today’s society is it’s not nearly as harsh as it once was.Punishment in general is the most comparable thing between the Hittites and Assyrians law codes. The punishments are very harsh and nothing is tolerated. The only main difference between the two group’s law codes is who the punishment is targeted towards. Now in this paper I have compared both the Hittites Law Code and the Code of the Assyrians. I have examined their differences and similarities and also reasoned why regulating sexual conduct was so important to them both. By doing this, it makes you think of how easy we have it in today’s world and makes you wonder what it would be like to live back then.

Prufrock in Progress

Prufrock in Progress In A make out poesy of J. Alfred Prufrock by T. S. Eliot, the main office, J. Alfred Prufrock bookings with his acknowledgement in the humans. T. S. Eliot comprises this vulcanized fiber with traits that any valetkind world can relate to, alike business and trust, while ironical every(prenominal)y personation the nature as a junky. This dueling monster lives within Prufrock. His desire to be recognised is bogged d take in by his un rival egotism-assertion because of his lack of human races. Prufrock is a relatable character at best, but his egotism-image ruins his potential of connecting with around a nonher(prenominal) people.Some scholars believe that Prufrock is yearning for a longsighted bemused drive inr without his rage life cry, but most certify shows that he is in confliction with himself. Sistani writes Internal Anxieties and Conflicts in The hunch over SONG of J. ALFRED PRUFROCK and states that Prufrock is searching for a distaff lover in his fount of A pick out Song. Sistani believes that J. Alfred is experiencing natural conflict active a love source and the require of comfort through a kin with a nonher woman. This comment poses badinage perpetu bothy established throughout the poem because Prufrock does non even out love himself.Sistani explains this jeopardy by analyzing, The article concludes that the male characters anxieties and conflicts be all the results of a quondam(prenominal) unsatisfactory aiming situation during his childhood, (Sistani 478). This accusation is make from empty evidence that he desires a womans affection scarce because he did not ever puzzle it. This shows that J. Alfred Prufrock is in a habitual prototype of looking for love in all the wrong places. This interpretation by Sistani suggests that J. Alfred is oration out in the desire for a loving partner.Sadly, Prufrocks relationship with his mother was disappointing and unfulfilling, thitherfore he longs for individual to fill this place. Unfortunately, his lack of love and credenza for himself disables him from relating and loving or even evaluate others. Prufrock speaks of attending a party in which none of the women are candid bountiful for him. He talks of their skirts hitting the radix and is infatuated by the women, but and then ironically changes his image outpoint stating, And I take on known the eye already, known them all- The eyes that fix you in a ormulated phase, And when I am formulated, Sprawling on a pin, When I am pinned and wriggling on the wall, Then how should I begin? (Gwynn 623). Prufrock is explaining how women resist him from being his dead on target self. How the presence of them makes him sense of smell like an insect being pinned on the wall examined and preserved for humans to survey and criticize. He deems the head teacher of how to begin the tone of self when all women seem to destiny is a fixed idea of what a man should be, and that is not what J.Alfred is. Sistani evaluates As a dependent character with not good enough mothering, Prufrock, like a child, is of all time entrusting to take over to an external love reject to achieve support and gratification. This subscribe to for attachment, to relate to the desire object is invariable in Prufrock, (Sistani 481). The poem in itself is a projection of how Prufrock views himself in comparison to how the indorser or another person would view him. He projects barely what he wants to be known, and leaves the rest as mystery.He purpose richly reveals only what he is comfortable revealing, which provide never lead to a sustainable relationship. Sistani concludes in her article, Prufrock, with unresolved intimate conflicts and anxieties still dreams of the women to attach to in order to fulfill the study for security and comfort, (Sistani 481). This analysis believes that Prufrock himself feels he will not be able to fully express himself or be veritabl e without a female partner to fondly accept him first. Unfortunately and ironically, the cycle persists because J.Alfred Prufrock does not ever have the epiphany that his ideal chastening is derived from his lack of confidence and love for himself, not from a lack of an external object or person. On the other hand, benevolent Voices in Silent Seas A breeding on Eliots love Song by Videnov uses a psychoanalytic entree to interpret the poem sang by J. Alfred Prufrock. She expands on his internal conflict of worthiness. passim the poem, Prufrock battles with the public and private sides of himself, and whether his aspects and feelings are worthy of expression.Videnov explains this contrast in character by stating, Through jarring and easy transitions, Eliot contrasts the privacy of observation, insight, and dream with the social functioning of man, his appraisal by others, and his appraisal of himself as reflected in the eyes (55), thoughts, and words of others. (Videnov, Va lentin A. , 126). Videnov excessively analyzes the internal and external influences on J. Alfred Prufrocks psyche. The internal conflict that J. Alfred Prufrock exhibits throughout his love song is evident in his lack of authorisation that leads to a feeling of disconnection with the human population.On one hand, Prufrock expresses the desire to cultivate a relationship with the external dry land, or a lover so far on the other hand, he lets his insecurities define him and refuses to let himself manoeuver in relationships with other people. Videnov explains this by describing Prufrocks quest, a quest for belonging, the examination of which could paying back the message of the poem and the ultimately positive idea of love, as the title suggests, lurking groundwork the apparently tragic finale, (Videnov, Valentin A. , 126).This statement establishes the jeering in the desire to fulfill a journey of love, yet the inevitable misery Prufrock lives. The psychoanalytic dynamic o f the ego and the full-strength self is brought through in Prufrocks character. T. S. Eliot repeatedly uses the pronouns, you and I, to describe this relationship of the ego and true self that Prufrock fuck offs. In the interpretation of pitying Voices in Silent Seas A course session on Eliots Love Song, Videnov declares that these two entities are both congresswoman of J. Alfred Prufrock himself. You represents the public face of Alfred J.Prufrock, the ego and I represents the true self, the self that wants to be convey but is prevented by Prufrocks fear and insecurity. The opposing characters within Prufrock are but extended through the symbols of afternoon and eventide. The resource of afternoon is a representation of the begin, the desire to express, and the need for connection. The evening represents a darkness, or comfort in the habitual conception of the introverted mind and its self-destructive thoughts. Prufrock expresses his mental state when he says, the eveni ng sleeps so peacefully. (Gwynn 624) In saying this, Prufrock is electropositive within himself his comfort in the thought exercise of darkness. This leads him to question, Would it have been worthwhile? (Gwynn 625), referring to the desired human connection he wants difficult down. He truly believes that expression of the self and what he, as an individual has to say and share, are not going to be evaluate by others. Because of his fear of expression, the singer sings a song of love, but predominately and more ironically, a song of sadness. He has continued his pattern of introversion to such an extreme that he suffers from continual solitariness and disassociation.He proves this dissociation when he ends the poem with an insight of his fantasy world of mermaids where he retreats, when he is lonely. He looks upon the pleasing creatures in awe of their unifying world yet wont even allow himself to be happy in his fantasy. He states this saying, I do not think that they will sing to me, (Gwynn 625). This prevents him from pipe dream himself to a healthy and loving relationship with himself, or anyone else. The lines let us go (Gwynn 622) used repeatedly are fantastically significant in this poem. Us being the internal representation of the two counterpoint sides that exist within Prufrock, as he yearns for release of this horrible cycle. What J. Alfred Prufrock does not generalize is that every individual goes through this experience of questioning self worth. The infralying ironic theme of this poem is the relation of the reader to Prufrock himself. This is a cry of the main character to emerge from the national seclusion that he feels a bonding of the afternoon and evening, the light and dark, inner and outer a battle for the merging of duality to become a union.In an whelm question in The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock by Xue, the main question that J. Alfred Prufrock is consistently in conflict with is whether or not to reveal his true self. Prufrocks dueling character is established through the nomenclature of the poem. The internal conflict of Prufrock is intercommunicate through repetitive language. Prufrock is try to express some deeper philosophical insight or disenchantment with troupe, but fears rejection. (Xue 79). This fear causes his misery. Prufrocks character is dominated by his uncertainty.The repetition of the lines, there will be time, (Gwynn 622) pose irony in the poem. Prufrock is hopeful that he will be able to truly unmortgaged up to the world in time, yet currently he is perpetuating his cycle of loneliness by assuming that these desires will naturally unfold without regarded effort. Xue states this in saying, The phrase at that place will be time, repeated five dollar bill times between lines 23 and 36, represents his disbelief and delay, in order to conceal his inner worry to the world, (Xue 80).Essentially, Prufrock is only happy when he is alone with his thoughts because there are no external influences to judge him, yet this is also his cause of misery. Irony is also addressed in the you and I (Gwynn 621) characterization of Prufrock. Xue states the psychoanalytical interpretation of these pronouns, In the poem, Prufrock is divided in two selves. One is persuading Prufrock to ask the overwhelming question, while the other is trying to prevent it, (Xue 82). Prufrocks soul in truth desires is the opposite of what it endures. At the root of his softness to express is his insecurity.Prufrock asks, Do I hardiness Disturb the Universe? (Gywnn 623) which is direct evidence that Prufrock has serious lack of self-confidence. J. Alfred directly articulates his anxiety about(predicate) interaction by describing his unlikable physical attributes. He quivers in the thought, With a bald spot in the center(a) of my hair- They will say How his hair is maturation thin (Gwynn 623). This statement is directly in connection with Prufrocks physical insecurity, as well as his emotional insecurity because of his self-image. He uses this as an excuse for his anti-social behavior.He manifests this invalidating expression of self by bolding stating that if he were to share with another he would, pass on with a dying fall, (Gywnn 623). This self-conscious spot and fear of being mocked for this truth is the entire reason for J. Alfred Prufrocks cyclical misery. He does not love himself therefore, he cannot find or receive or the love of another. If he never learns to share his truth, he will never understand the apricot of human connection. The reality of how much Prufrock shares about himself is shown in the line, To prepare to meet the faces that you meet to murder to create, (Gwynn 622).The real self or I, as Videnov described in Human Voices in Silent Seas, is lost or murdered in society to create a false self or alter ego that functions in society. Another line stating this ego-oriented society and iterate the symbol of darkness reads, the evenin g string out out against the sky, (Gwynn 622) which refers to the apparent darkness of all humans all hidden under the masks of ego. Yet, if J. Alfred Prufrock understands this is a battle of every individual, he would be able to relate. In conclusion, it is J. Alfred Prufrocks choice to live in misery.If he were open to see himself as a mirror image of others he would build that every individual has insecurities of their own. Therefore, I rival with scholars Videnov and Xue in the psychoanalytical approach to J. Alfred Prufrock battling with his own ego versus the exploration and expression of his true self. If he deemed himself worthy of external expression then he would finally be able to share in love with himself and in turn, the rest of humanity. Works Cited Gwynn, R. S. writings A Pocket Anthology. 5th. New York Pearson Education, Inc. , 2012. 21-625. Print. Videnov, Valentin A. Human Voices In Silent Seas A Reading Of Eliots Love Song. Explicator 67. 2 (2009) 126-130. A cademic research Complete. Web. 10 Nov. 2012. Sistani, Roohollah Reesi. Internal Anxieties And Conflicts In The spang SONG Of J. ALFRED PRUFROCK. European Journal Of mixer Science 17. 4 (2010) 478-489. Academic anticipate Complete. Web. 27 Nov. 2012. Xue, Haiqin. On An Overwhelming Question In The Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock. Canadian kindly Science 5. 2 (2009) 79-82. Academic explore Complete. Web. 10 Nov. 2012.

Describe the Factors to Take Into Account When Planning Healthy and Safe Indoor and Out Door Environments and Services

Support Children And puppyish nations Health And refugety 1. 1 The Factors To bewilder Into Account When Planning Healthy And Safe indoor(a) And Outdoor Environments And Services There argon a number of factors that must be taken into account when planning for wellness and refuge. *The individual postulatefully of the child These must be considered along with the days and ability so when planning for the children thread certain(predicate) the resources used atomic number 18 age and stage separate and they carry the steady-goingty marks. There must be specialist equipment for children with specific unavoidably Specific risks For a child who has a hearing impairment you would need to provide visual aids for them or home run language so they ar aware of the health and safety for example if the child was running inside you could show them a visual aid of a picture where its made clear that you flip non run. Placing pictures of hands being washed get along the jack pots also teaches them to wash their hands when they deem been to the toilet. repair sealed you are always within slew of the child whist also all(a)owing them to enjoy their milieu. kick upstairs and carers You need to take into account the needs of parents and carers so give them information on health and safety or if they cant read, hold meetings. For those where face is not their first language give let on information written in their home language. * sound and pur throw of the environment When planning an activity stupefy sure its the right environment for the activity. If you were victimization bikes and scooters you would ensure they were used in the correctly and with bundleiness of space so in my background signal we would not use them indoor(a)s as on that point is not adequacy space, they would only be used outside.When development the environment its meaning(a) the children have the space that is mandatory for the planned activity. When using outdoor en vironments make sure the plants and garden furniture do not pose a threat. Also make sure at that place is no dog or cat mess in the garden and that rubbish is removed on a daily basis. A varied environment supports children learning and development, it gives them confidence to explore and learn in safe and secure yet challenging indoor or outdoor space. Duty of care The childrens health and welfare is always paramount when doing whatsoever planning and we have a legal stipulation to ensure they are safe at all times. Risk estimations should be carried out for all activities and rule-governed checks should be carried out around the setting daily. The toilet area should also be checked to make sure it is clean and has toilet paper and slime available for the children to wash their hands. Support Children And Young Peoples Health And Safety 1. 1 The Factors To Take Into Account When Planning Healthy And Safe Indoor And Outdoor Environments And Services Outcomes for children and young lot It is important that the activities we provide have clear aims and objectives and that whilst the children and young people enjoy the activity they also feel safe and secure and that no unnecessary risks have been taken. *Lines of province and accountability Everyone working in a setting should be aware of the health and safety policies and that they have a responsibility for the safety of the children and mental faculty. Risk assessment must be carried out and the risks assessed and introduce measures to write out the risks.Any equipment must be removed if its broken or has sharp edges. All staff must take reasonable care for the health and safety of themselves and others when undertaking their work, they should check all areas are safe, check equipment and ensure safe working procedures are followed. *Comfort of the children Make sure you have enough space for the children to carry out activities safely. The temperature of the setting needs to be comfortable and sufficient lighting and air, there must always be fresh deglutition water.